Islam
- 601
- The Safavids, 1501-1722
- A brief outline of the Shia dynasty which seized power in Tabriz, their capital. Their leader Ismail was proclaimed Shah of Iran.
- 602
- The Samanids
- Bukhara and Samarkand in Transoxiana became famous Samanid cultural centres. An illustrated article.
- 603
- Khan, Hulagu
- A brief profile of the grandson of Genghis Khan, who conquered Persia, eliminated the Abbasid caliphate, and established the Mongol empire of the Il-Khans in Persia.
- 604
- The Mongol Khâns
- Part of a larger article on the Mongol Khans, dealing with their impact on the Abbasid Caliphate, and their defeat at Ayn Jalut.
- 605
- The Mongols; Il-Khans 1256 - 1394
- An account of the impact of the Mongol invasions and the Khanid dynasty on Iran; focuses on their cultural and artistic achievements.
- 606
- Al-Biruni
- Profile of a scientist who knew, 600 years before Galileo, that the earth rotates on its axis daily and moves yearly around the sun. Includes information on his varied achievements.
- 607
- Biruni, Abu Raihan
- Biography of a versatile scholar and scientist, with equal facility in physics, metaphysics, mathematics, geography and history. Born in the city of Kheva in 973 CE.
- 608
- al-Biruni, Abu Rayhan
- Biography of al-Biruni, with an assessment of his contribution to the study of geology; includes a list of his writings, and links.
- 609
- Bahri (River) Mameluke Period
- A history of the first period of Mamluk rule in Egypt; includes a list of rulers and dates.
- 610
- Burgi (Tower) Mameluke Period
- A history of the second dynasty of Mamluk rulers in Egypt; includes a list of rulers and dates.
- 612
- The Art of the Mamluk Period (1250-1517 A.D.)
- An online exhibition of the art and architecture of the Mamluks; includes a brief account of the period, from the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
- 613
- A Concise History Of India : The Mogul Empire
- Covers the rise and decline of the Mogul Empire on the Indian sub-continent, from 1500 to 1765 CE.
- 614
- BBC : The Mughal Empire
- A brief account of the Mughal (or Mogul) Empire, which ruled most of India and Pakistan in the 16th and 17th centuries; it also spread Muslim (and particularly Persian) arts and culture in South Asia.
- 615
- When the Moguls Ruled ...
- A history of the Mughal Empire; includes maps, biographies of rulers, a timeline, and examples of their arts.
- 616
- Shagrat al-Durr
- Biography of Shajarat al-Durr who took upon herself the title of Sultan and regrouped the Egyptian army to take Damietta back from the Frankish Crusaders.
- 617
- The Nasrid Sultans of Granada
- An account of the final period of Islam in Spain, from 1232 until the conquest by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1492.