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Solanum nigrum

AgroAtlas - Weeds - Solanum nigrum L. - Black Nightshade. Family Solanaceae Juss., genus Solanum L. Plant is 8-90 cm in height, dark green, herbaceous, with scattered hairs or almost glabrous. Tap root is short and spindle-shaped. Stem is upright or ascending, branched, with costate branches. Leaves are plumpish, glabrous or with scarce setiform decumbent hairs along main ribs, ovate or almost triangular, sinuate-serrate; seldom almost entire, narrowed into sharp tip, widely decurrent at short petiole. Inflorescences are usually extra-axillary, very seldom some of them are opposite to leaves; they are umbel-like or slightly racemose-corymbose, consisting of 3-8 flowers. Flower stalks have scattered pubescence. Peduncles are more densely pubescent, drooping during fruiting. Calyx is glabrous or having non-dense accumbent hairs. Corolla up to the middle consists of 5 lobes; it is twice or three times as long as calyx, whitish or slightly violet. Fruit is berry, globular, black, brownish-green or yellow. Seeds are irregularly-oval, compressed laterally, lustreless, stramineous. This plant flowers in June-September, bears fruit in July-November. Maximum productivity is up to 280,000 seeds. Minimum temperature for seed germination is 10-12œC, maximum is 34-36œC, optimum is 24-26œC. Seeds germinate from depths of 0.5-1 cm.

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